J-PARC Project Newsletter No.97, January 2025 dispatch
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J-PARC Project Newsletter
No.97, January 2025
Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex under joint operation by the
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and the Japan Atomic
Energy Agency (JAEA)
http://j-parc.jp/index-e.html
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HEADLINES AND CONTENTS
1. [Overview]
- J-PARC SYMPOSIUM 2024 HELD ON OCTOBER 14-18TH
- BEAM OPERATION
2. [Accelerator Division]
- BEAM OPERATION RESTARTED FOR USERS AFTER THE SUMMER MAINTENANCE
3. [Particle and Nuclear Physics Division]
- T2K EXPERIMENT OPERATION STATUS AND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOPS ON HIGH INTENSITY NEUTRINO BEAM PRODUCTIOＮ
- STATUS OF THE JSNS2 / JSNS2-II (SEARCH FOR STERILE NEUTRINOS AT J-PARC MLF, E56 / E82)
- HINT of Xi-HYPERNUCLEUS： J-PARC E05 EXPERIMENT
- THE COMET EXPERIMENT AIMS TO SEARCH FOR THE LEPTON-FLAVOR VIOLATING MUON REACTION, MU-E CONVERSION, WITH Ａ SENSITIVITY BETTER THAN 10-14 IN PHASE I.
- STATUS OF THE MUON g-2/ ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT (EDM) (E34)
4. [Materials and Life Science Division]
- COMPLETION OF MAINTENANCE WORKS AND CONTINUATION OF ADJUSTMENT WORK OF THE NEUTRON SOURCE
- PROPOSALS FOR 2025A PERIOD WERE RECEIVED, TAKUMI (BL19) GROUP WON AN AWARD
- MUON IN HERITAGE SCIENCE
5. [Nuclear Transmutation Division]
- PROGRESS OF THE SPOKE CAVITY PROTOTYPING FOR THE ADS LINAC.
6. [Safety Division]
- FISCAL2024 J-PARC SAFETY AUDIT
7. [Outreach Activities]
- J-PARC OPEN HOUSE HELD ON SEPTEMBER 28TH
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MUON DETECTOR INSTALLED BY THE ANCIENT MOUND
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OTHER OUTREACH ACTIVITIES
8. [Editorial Note]
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1. [Overview] by KOBAYASHI Takashi
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J-PARC SYMPOSIUM 2024 HELD ON OCTOBER 14-18TH
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The J-PARC symposium was held on October 14-18th at the Mito City Center. The theme of the symposium was "Futures of J-PARC, Futures by J-PARC". We discussed the achievements from 15 years of J-PARC operation and the future and upgrade plans of J-PARC and other facilities. The number of participants was 415 from 18 countries.
https://j-parc.jp/symposium/j-parc2024/
Prior to the symposium, public lectures for the general public were held on October 14th, featuring "science entertainer", Ms. IGARASHI Miki, and 5 lectures by distinguished researchers. We had an audience of 272.
https://j-parc.jp/symposium/j-parc2024/pub-lecture/index.html
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BEAM OPERATION
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The user beam operation this autumn was affected by facility failures. Due to the malfunction of the power manipulator for the maintenance of the MLF Liq. Mercury target, the beam restart was delayed both for MLF and MR.
https://j-parc.jp/c/en/information/2024/10/18001403.html
The beam to MLF was further delayed due to the problem of the Liq. Mercury target. We deeply apologize for the serious inconvenience to all the users.
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2. [Accelerator Division] by YAMAMOTO Kazami
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BEAM OPERATION RESTARTED FOR USERS AFTER THE SUMMER MAINTENANCE
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The maintenance work on the accelerator components during the summer shutdown period was completed. The beam commissioning of the accelerator system was carried out to check the reproducibility of the accelerator parameters and to confirm the performance of some new components installed during the summer shutdown, etc. MR operation started on November 24th. The beam power gradually increased because of the conditioning of the vacuum in the MR. Unfortunately, user operation of the Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF) was postponed due to issues with the neutron target system.
The J-PARC symposium took place from October 14th to 18th. According to the J-PARC accelerators, the event featured one plenary talk, five oral presentations, and 54 poster presentations. Additionally, a satellite meeting was held from October 10th to 12th for high-power beams between CERN and J-PARC prior to the symposium.
We are pleased to announce that Dr. KAMIYA Junichiro, the leader of the accelerator section 3, received the Kumagai Memorial Award of the Vacuum Science from the Japan Society of Vacuum and Surface Science. He clarified the mechanism of the improvement of the vacuum condition due to the vacuum firing and this work was selected for the first time of this award in three years. He gave a commemorative lecture at the Japan Society for Vacuum and Surface Science Academic Conference held in Fukuoka.
https://www.jvss.jp/jpn/news/detail.php?eid=00202
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3. [Particle and Nuclear Physics Division]
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T2K EXPERIMENT OPERATION STATUS AND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOPS ON HIGH INTENSITY NEUTRINO BEAM PRODUCTION (by ISHIDA Taku)
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The T2K experiment, which injects neutrinos from J-PARC to Super-Kamiokande, resumed operation in neutrino mode at the end of November. From mid-December, operations were switched to anti-neutrino mode, and stable operation is being conducted at 810 kW. The near detector system at 280 m downstream of the target, which has been upgraded with a new Super-FGD, High-AngleTPC and Time-Of-Flight detector, is steadily accumulating data. The operation is scheduled to continue until the end of the year, followed by a one-month operation from the end of February after the completion of the hadron facility operation at the beginning of the new year.
https://t2k-experiment.org/2024/08/t2k-experiment-enters-a-new-phase-with-significantly-improved-sensitivity-for-its-world-leading-neutrino-oscillation-research/
The International Workshop on Neutrino Beams and Instrumentation (NBI2024) was held in Tokai-mura, Japan, on Oct. 7-9, as a satellite of the J-PARC Symposium, where researchers and engineers from domestic and overseas research institutes engaged in high-intensity accelerator neutrino beam production gathered for active discussions.
https://conference-indico.kek.jp/event/270/page/563-workshop-photo
On Oct. 10-12, The workshop for CERN and J-PARC collaboration was held at the same venue. It was an opportunity to present the existing collaborations between these institutes as well as the new possible partnerships.
https://conference-indico.kek.jp/event/274/
On Oct. 10 between these two workshops, participants toured some of the forefront facilities at J-PARC, i.e., the target station of neutrino facility, the new power supply building at the Main Ring, and the next-generation target test stand of the hadron facility.
A collaboration meeting for the T2K experiment was held Nov. 11-15, and a program advisory committee meeting for the Hyper-Kamiokande project, which is under construction at the Kamioka mine with the aim of starting operation in FY2027, was held Dec. 16-18, both in Tokai-mura.
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STATUS OF THE JSNS2 / JSNS2-II (SEARCH FOR STERILE NEUTRINOS AT J-PARC MLF, E56 / E82) (by MARUYAMA Takasumi)
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The JSNS2 (E56) / JSNS2-II (E82) collaboration searches for neutrino oscillation with a short distance by sterile neutrinos at J-PARC MLF.
For JSNS2, the fifth long physics run using a single near detector located on the third floor of MLF is being prepared. For JSNS2-II, the new far detector located outside of the MLF building is under its calibration phase. The gains and timing responses of 172 PMTs located in the inner stainless-steel tank was calibrated in-situ using the fast-timing LED system installed in the detector. JSNS2-II aims to start the commissioning data taking
with beam soon, in parallel with the next physics run of the near detector.
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HINT of Xi-HYPERNUCLEUS：J-PARC E05 EXPERIMENT (by ICHIKAWA Yudai)
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The introduction of the strangeness quantum number adds a novel degree of freedom to conventional nuclear physics, paving the way for a new paradigm in hadronic many-body systems. The Xi-hypernucleus, a bound state of a Xi hyperon and a nucleus, represents a unique type of hypernucleus within the strangeness S=-2 system. A significant feature of the Xi-hypernucleus is that the Xi-N system can be coupled with the H-dibaryon, an exotic hadron composed of uuddss quarks. The existence of the H-dibaryon is theoretically predicted based on a strong attractive force between quarks arising from the color-magnetic interaction.
In the J-PARC E05 experiment, the inclusive missing-mass spectrum of the 12C(K-, K+) reaction was measured at 1.8 GeV/c with a resolution of 8.2 MeV (FWHM). The experiment used the SKS and K1.8 spectrometers at the J-PARC K1.8 beamline. From the missing mass of the reaction, the binding energy of the Xi hyperon (B_Xi) was derived.
A detailed spectrum-fitting procedure was applied to test several hypotheses near the threshold region. The analysis revealed that the spectrum could be well-reproduced by combining a background contribution with two Gaussian functions, representing Xi-hypernuclear states with peaks at B_Xi = 8.9 MeV and B_Xi = -2.4 MeV. Alternatively, a fit using a background and one Breit-Wigner function, corresponding to a Xi-hypernuclear state at B_Xi = -2.7 MeV with a width of Gamma = 4.1 MeV, produced a similar chi-square value. Conversely, the null hypothesis, which assumed only background contributions, was clearly rejected, suggesting additional dynamics beyond the background.
To conclusively determine the binding energy of the hypernuclear states and validate the assumptions, improved sensitivity through higher resolution is necessary. The ongoing J-PARC E70 experiment aims to achieve this, with an improved resolution of 2 MeV (FWHM). This experiment is expected to play a crucial role in elucidating the structure of Xi-hypernuclear states and advancing our understanding of hadronic interactions with strangeness S = -2. This report is published in Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics.
(https://academic.oup.com/ptep/article/2024/9/091D01/7742825?login=true)
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THE COMET EXPERIMENT AIMS TO SEARCH FOR THE LEPTON-FLAVOR VIOLATING MUON REACTION, MU-E CONVERSION, WITH Ａ SENSITIVITY BETTER THAN 10-14 IN PHASE I . (by MIHARA Satoshi)
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The COMET facility construction is in progress. The capture solenoid magnet used to collect pions and transport them to the beam transport magnet was delivered to J-PARC at the end of October. 2024. Installation work and preparation of the excitation test on site is in progress.
This indicates that a major milestone has been reached before the start of the experiment.
The COMET group had a hybrid collaboration meeting in Nov. at J-PARC. More than 50 members including 42 on- site participants joined the meeting to discuss the status of the facility, the detector construction, the analysis tool development as well as
simulation study, and schedule toward the start of physics data acquisition.
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STATUS OF THE MUON g-2/ ELECTRIC DIPOLE MOMENT (EDM) (E34) (by MIBE Tsutomu)
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The E34 collaboration aims for precision measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment and its electric dipole moment. The seventh muon g-2 theory initiative workshop was organized in a hybrid style on September 9-13 at the KEK Tsukuba campus with about 180 participants (https://ipnsweb.kek.jp/wordpress/en/news/6634/) A solenoid magnet and a quadrupole triplet magnet for the extension of the surface muon beam line to H2 area are under fabrication. A paper on the acceleration of positive muon to 100 keV was released (https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.11367). An ionization laser system and a diagnosis system for the muon source evaluation are in preparation. A US-Japan collaboration meeting on cross-calibration of NMR probes for the precise determination of the magnetic field was organized at J-PARC on December 21-22. The 29th collaboration meeting was organized at KMI, Nagoya university from December 11 to 13.
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4. [Materials and Life Science Division]
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NEUTRON SOURCE ;
COMPLETION OF MAINTENANCE WORKS AND CONTINUATION OF ADJUSTMENT WORK OF THE NEUTRON SOURCE (by HARADA Masahide )
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The maintenance works were successfully performed during the outage of the neutron source. In September, a trouble at the power manipulator which remotely loosens and tightens bolts of the target vessel occurred. After investigation, it was found that the cause of the trouble was a failure of an electrical device. The power manipulator could be operated normally by replacing the electrical device, resulting in three weeks delay. After that, the used mercury target vessel was replaced with a new one successfully on October 21st. The new one has the improved structure of the mercury flow channel with the split bubbler generator like the previous target vessel used during 2023 and 2024. And, for the first time since the operation starts, the mercury circulation pump was also replaced successfully from November 5th to 8th. In parallel, periodic voluntary inspections were conducted in accordance with the High Pressure Gas Safety Law and it was confirmed that there were no major troubles in the cryogenic circulation system. However, at the end of the maintenance works, it was found that there were signs of unusual radioactive material generation during the proton beam tuning from December 9th, as of December 16th, the investigation and countermeasures are in progress.
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NEUTRON INSTRUMENT AND SCIENCE ; PROPOSALS FOR 2025A PERIOD WERE RECEIVED, TAKUMI (BL19) GROUP WON AN AWARD ( by NAKAMURA Mitsutaka )
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The call for upcoming cycle of 2025A has been closed on November 7th. There were 313 submissions for MLF Neutron, which is almost comparable number to the last round 2024B. The submissions from abroad are slightly increasing, and the ratio to domestic submissions is now almost a half. All the proposals are now under assessment, and the MLF Advisory Board will make the final decision on the acceptance on March 10th.
One of the biggest events was the J-PARC Symposium which has been resurrected since 2019. Since the COVID had prevented most of in-person workshops and meetings, we had been losing an opportunity to get together and discuss in a J-PARC wide forum, which can boost activities for both users and the facility. We have hosted the 4th J-PARC Symposium with the help of many people as co-host, support, cooperation from a wide range of institutions and facilities. Several satellite meetings were also held, J-PARC Workshop 2024: Deuterium Science Entering an Advanced Phase (79 participants), Explore a Small Mystery in Non-crystalline Materials with 1 MW J-PARC Beam (57 participants), 19th Korea-Japan Meeting on Neutron Science, 9th International Symposium of Quantum Beam Science, and Workshop on Polarized Neutron Science and Technology.
The mobility program SAKURA aims to strengthen scientific cooperation between Sweden and Japan. During this applicable period, two of the scientists from the European Spallation Source visited the Neutron Science Section on computing and software for data analysis along with other individual discussions with instrument scientists.
Three members of TAKUMI (BL19) group won the award for "Excellent Paper of the Year" of International Magnesium Science & Technology.
Members of TAKUMI (BL19) group
Recent press releases from Neutron Science at MLF:
BL02 DNA on Sep. 27th
"Singular continuous and nonreciprocal phonons in quasicrystal AlPdMn"
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.136101
BL12 HRC on Oct. 9th
"Chiral-Split Magnon in Altermagnetic MnTe"
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.156702
BL19 TAKUMI on Oct. 11th
"Martensitic transformation-governed Lüders deformation enables large ductility and late-stage strain hardening in ultrafine-grained austenitic stainless steel at low temperatures."
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2024.120233
BL16 SOFIA on Nov. 7th
"Fluorous and organic extraction systems: a comparison from the perspectives of coordination structures, interfaces, and bulk extraction phases"
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02268
BL08 SuperHRPD on Nov. 28th
"Unique magnetic transition process demonstrating the effectiveness of bond percolation theory in a quantum magnet."
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54335-6
BL03 iBIX on Dec. 2nd
"Protonation / deprotonation-driven switch for the redox stability of low potential [4Fe-4S] ferredoxin"
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.102506
BL12 HRC on Dec. 13th
"Spontaneous Hall effect induced by collinear antiferromagnetic order at room temperature."
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-024-02058-w
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MUON SCIENCE FACILITY (MUSE) ; MUON IN HERITAGE SCIENCE (by KAWAMURA Naritoshi )
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The muon facility will soon resume operation after the annual long shutdown. Apparatuses in every beamline, which cannot be accessed or stopped during beamtime such as the rotation device of the muon target, the water-cooling system, the magnet power supplies, etc. were serviced.
An international workshop "Future on Muon Elemental Analysis (FUME) " was held on 19-21/Oct at the KEK Tokai campus as a satellite workshop of the J-PARC Symposium. 70 attendees (38 in-person and 32 online) of many fields from natural sciences to applications in engineering and liberal arts, discussed the elemental analysis by negative muon. The muon application to archaeological artifacts is one of the important themes in the workshop and the interdisciplinary studies with heritage science and quantum beams (muon, neutron, and synchrotron radiation) have become a world trend. Two other international conferences in this field were held in Cyprus (Cyprus Meets Japan: https://www.cyi.ac.cy/index.php/component/k2/cyprus-meets-japan-a-3-day-symposium-at-the-cyprus-institute.html) and China (International Conference on Neutron in Heritage Science (NHS2024) ). The members of the muon science section contributed to both conferences. Furthermore, we had the 9th Symposium on "Integration of Arts and Sciences" in Akihabara Tokyo on 1-2/Nov gathering more than 200 attendees including online participants.
Group photo of FUME workshop
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5. [Nuclear Transmutation Division] by TAMURA Jun and KONDO Yasuhiro
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PROGRESS OF THE SPOKE CAVITY PROTOTYPING FOR THE ADS LINAC.
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The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has been proposing an accelerator-driven nuclear transmutation system (ADS) as a future nuclear system to efficiently reduce high-level radioactive waste generated in nuclear power plants. As a first step toward the practical design of the high-power proton linac for the JAEA-ADS, we are currently prototyping a low-beta (around 0.2) single-spoke cavity made of niobium. The cavity fabrication began in 2020. Most of the cavity parts were shaped in fiscal year 2020 by press-forming and machining. In 2021, we started joining the shaped cavity parts together by electron beam welding (EBW). Before welding the actual cavity parts, we examined the optimum EBW beam parameters for each welding condition by using mock-up test pieces. Consequently, we have successfully fabricated the body section and the two lid sections. By measuring the resonant frequency of the temporarily-assembled cavity, we confirmed that there were no significant problems with the cavity fabrication. We are now proceeding to the final EBW assembly of the prototype spoke cavity.
https://accelconf.web.cern.ch/linac2024/pdf/TUPB078.pdf
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6. [Safety Division] by BESSHO Kotaro
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FISCAL 2024 J-PARC SAFETY AUDIT
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The fiscal 2024 J-PARC safety audit was conducted by two auditors in December, and the review points were as follows.
1) Countermeasures for accidents and troubles
2) Organizational structure for safety management
3) Safety management in works
4) Emergency responses
5) Fostering and maintaining safety education and safety culture
A preliminary briefing was held on December 2, and the items covered were as follows: 1) status of activities in J-PARC, 2) accidents and troubles, 3) safety management initiatives and follow-up on issues raised in the previous year's audit. Regarding the observation of a scorched component in the J-PARC Linac Building on July 2024, countermeasures to prevent similar incidents, such as management of works by the contractors, were explained.
A site inspection and interviews with leaders were carried out on December 16. The inspection of each facility mainly focused on the use and management of cranes.
The auditors gave us valuable recommendations, such as management of work procedures and manuals, and clarifying what level of accident J-PARC is trying to prevent.
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7. [Outreach Activities]
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J-PARC OPEN HOUSE HELD ON SEPTEMBER 28TH (by KOBAYASHI Takashi)
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The Annual Open house of J-PARC was held on September 28th (Sat), 2024.
https://j-parc.jp/OPEN_HOUSE/2024/
This year, in addition to all the J-PARC facilities, the research reactor JRR-3 experimental hall was also open for visitors. In total 980 visitors enjoyed the J-PARC. We welcome more visitors for future open house!
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MUON DETECTOR INSTALLED BY THE ANCIENT MOUND (by FUJII Yoshiaki)
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Muographic investigation of ancient burial mounds in Tokai is underway as a joint project by J-PARC, Tokai village, Ibaraki University, Tokyo Metropolitan University, and The Graduate University for Advanced Studies.
A muon detector was made by pupils and students in JFY2023, and installed nearby the Funatsuka No.2 ancient mound on October 13th, 2024.
https://www.vill.tokai.ibaraki.jp/soshikikarasagasu/kyoikuiinkai/shogaigakushuka/kouryuukan/hakubun/kofunproject/9800.html
The detector will continue accumulating cosmic muon data for several months to locate the king's chamber under the mound.
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OTHER OUTREACH ACTIVITIES
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★ Muographic Investigation of Ancient Burial Mounds in Tokai (September 22nd )
- Let's think about the location of the stone chamber and where to place the detector for it
★ "Science X Tokai Village X J-PARC Exhibition" comes to an end (September 29th )
https://www.j-parc.jp/c/en/topics/2024/10/25001405.html
★ Scientific Activities for Kids at the Ozora Marche in Tokai ( October 5th )
★ Muographic Investigation of Ancient Burial Mounds in Tokai (October 13th )
- "Detector for History and the Future" started muon measurements at Funatsuka No.2 Burial Mound
https://www.j-parc.jp/c/en/topics/2024/11/11001417.html
★ Guest lecture at Osaka Ibaraki High School (October 19th)
★ The Youngsters' Science Festival in Hitachi (October 20th)
★ Exhibiting at the Nuclear Science Research Institute Open House2024 (October 26th)
★ Muographic Investigation of Ancient Burial Mounds in Tokai (November 24th)
- Production of the second detector has started
https://www.j-parc.jp/c/en/topics/2024/12/18001435.html
★ Guest lecture on 'New Visualization Techniques Using Pulsed Neutrons' at Kyushu University (November 9th)
★ Visiting class at Ohmika Elementary School in Hitachi (November 18th)
★ Guest Lecture at Sakuto Junior High School in Mimasaka City, Okayama Prefecture (December 16th)
https://www.j-parc.jp/c/en/topics/2025/01/15001452.html
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8. [Editorial Note]
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Past issues are available from the link below.
http://j-parc.jp/c/en/topics/project-newsletter/index.html
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┃ Editorial Board:
┃ OGURI Hidetomo (Chair) : oguri.hidetomo[at]jaea.go.jp
┃ SHINTO Katsuhiro: shinto.katsuhiro[at]jaea.go.jp
┃ OZAWA Kyoichiro: ozawa[at]post.kek.jp
┃ AIZAWA Kyoko: akyouko[at]post.j-parc.jp
┃ TAKEI Hayanori: takei.hayanori[at]jaea.go.jp
┃ Jean-Michel POUTISSOU (English Editor) : jmp[at]triumf.ca
┃ SEKI Eiko (Secretary) : seki.eiko[at]jaea.go.jp
┃ * Please replace "(at)" with "@" when you enter an email address.
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